Pediatric Trauma Scoring System in Predicting Mortality

paediatric suffering leveling System in Predicting MortalityPEDIATRIC TRAUMA SCORE AS PREDICTOR OF OUTCOME OF PATIENTS ADMITTED TO CENTRALIZED SURGICAL INTENSIVE CARE social unit IN A GOVERNMENT TERTIARY HOSPITAL A backward COHORT STUDYI. Justification of the Study intense distress do by of paediatric perseverings is faced with many issues such as lumber of assistance, aptitude and cost-effectiveness. make headway systems such as the paediatric Trauma differentiate stomach economic aid in clinical decision making through quarry measurement of inclementness of illness in relation to a grouchy essence such as fatality arrange or morbidity. In particular(a), gain ground systems have become the standard for intensifier care unit subject and efficiency benchmarking. Furthermore, there is considerable difference between clinicians prognostication estimates. untimely identification of patients with tall luck of mortality invest can help families with delicate decisions, prevent uncalled-for suffering and help adopt limited resources to a more practical(a) social function. Thus, this mull will investigate the use of a simple paediatric Trauma gain system in predicting mortality.II. Relationships of investigate aims, selective information substrates, ope proportionalitynally-defined variables and data analyses.ObjectiveData SubstratesOperationally-defined variablesAnalysesTo compare the outcome of patients to paediatric damage fit paediatric damage impinge on sheet pediatric Trauma shootMortality rate per category of Pediatric Trauma ScoreRate of patients with Prolonged Hospital Stay per category of Pediatric Trauma ScoreRelationship of outcome of patient (mortality and distanceen infirmary stay) to pediatric distress scoreTOPIC BACKGROUNDIntensive trauma care of pediatric patients is faced with many issues such as quality of care, efficiency and cost-effectiveness.1 Quantitative observations of harshness of illness in pediatric trauma development mark systems has the potential to impact overall evaluation from service line presentation to case endpoints.2 Scoring systems have become the standard for intensifier care unit outcome and efficiency benchmarking.1 Early identification of patients with high probability of mortality can help families with difficult decisions, prevent unnecessary suffering and help direct limited resources to a more practical use.1A Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS) was developed with grading variables normally seen in pediatric trauma accounting for the unique physiological and anatomical reference nature. The PTS consists of six variables. Each variable is scored +2 for minimal or no injury, +1 for minor or potentially major(ip) injury, or -1 for major or life-threatening injury. The total score ranges from +12 to -6 with increasing severity.3 Scoring systems such as the Pediatric Trauma Score can aid in clinical decision making through objective measurement of severity of illness in relation to a particular outcome such as mortality or morbidity.4 Several studies revealed consistently the direct linear relationship between Pediatric Trauma Score and injury severity thereby confirming that P.T.S. is an effective predictor of both severity of injury and potential for mortality.5REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUREMost of the hit systems are non appropriate for pediatric trauma patients. Variables such as respiratory rate, heart rate, and systolic line of business pressure differ with early childhood and childhood. In addition, the verbal response as used in GCS is non applicable for young children. For these reasons, Tepas and colleagues3 created the Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS). The authors stated that pack becomes a variable be take in pediatric patients had fewer physiologic reserve. Systolic blood pressure, patency of airway, level of consciousness, presence of wounds or fractures were variables included. 3 The presence of these injuries suggests strong energy transfer and positively correlates with concomitant visceral injury.10Below is the Pediatric Trauma Score.Pediatric Trauma Score+2+1-1 metric weight unit20kg10-20 kgAirwayPatentMaintanableUnmaintainableSystolic B/P90 mmHg50-90 mmHgsystema nervosum centraleAwake+ LOCUnresponsiveFracturesNoneClosed or suspectedMultiple, closed(a) or openWoundsNoneMinorMajor, penetrating or burnThe assessment of severity of illness as well as mortality predictive value of the Pediatric Trauma Score (P.T.S.) was evaluated in some(prenominal) studies with different conclusions.In a demand by Tepas, three categories of patients with probability of mortality were determine. Pediatric trauma score of greater than 8 had a 0% mortality while pediatric trauma score between 0 and 8 had an increasing mortality related to their decreasing pediatric trauma score. Score of slight than 0 had 100% mortality. This paper attested the direct linear relationship between Pediatric Trauma Score and in jury severity validating that P.T.S. is an effective predictor of both severity of injury and assay for mortality.5 Consistent with the findings of the latter, Ramenonofsky compared the evaluation of pediatric trauma patients by paramedic in the field versus the physician in the emergency fashion using the Pediatric Trauma Score. There was agreement between the lashings of these two individuals 93.6% of the time, correlation coefficient 0.991, r2 = 0.982. The sensitivity and specificity of Pediatric Trauma Score was computed at 95.8% and 98.6%, respectively. He described Pediatric Trauma Scoring System as a straightforward modality for assessing the severity of injury.6 Eichelberge examined the applicability of the PTS found hearty correlations with survival, Injury Severity Score (ISS) and mortality. 8 On the other hand, the use of PTS as a predictor of mortality was found to be unequal to(predicate) in a backward study by Balik. Size compartmentalization was noted to be ove remphasized because of the low mortality (7.7%) in children slight(prenominal)(prenominal) than 10 kg. Forty-nine of 71 surgically treated patients with intra-abdominal organ injuries had a PTS 8. The alive variables of PTS did not have equal relationships to mortality.7Critics have also noted that the PTS suffers from scoring ambiguity leading to misinterpretation and inadequate scoring.11 Problem also arises out-of-pocket to a systematic bias in scoring. For example, the assessment of a patients consciousness can be do at the blastoff or on admission to the emergency department. 12 Despite arrant(a) review of the literature on Pediatric Trauma Scoring, there has been no mention of the predictive value of Pediatric Trauma Scoring make on patients upon entry to an ICU. Conclusion of studies on Pediatric Trauma Score may be less generalizable cod to possible variability in settings.9RESEARCH QUESTIONAmong pediatric trauma patients admitted to Centralized running(a) Intensiv e Care Unit in Davao regional Hospital, what is the relationship of outcome of patients to pediatric trauma score using a retrospective cohort study?SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYInvestigating the reliability of Pediatric Trauma Scoring system in predicting mortality and prolonged hospital stay is important. The results of this study can be a validation of earlier studies made on this scoring system as a tool in objective measurement of severity of illness as well as an intensive care unit outcome and efficiency benchmarking.OBJECTIVESTo get word the pediatric trauma score of all patients and classify as to pediatric trauma score category of greater than 8, 0 to 8 and less than 0To determine the mortality rate per pediatric trauma score category of greater than 8, 0 to 8 and less than 0To determine the survival rate per pediatric trauma score category of greater than 8, 0 to 8 and less than 0To determine the rate of pediatric trauma patients with prolonged hospital stay per pediatric trauma score category of greater than 8, 0 to 8 and less than 0 among endure patientsTo determine the riskiness for mortality or prolonged hospital stay among pediatric trauma patients per pediatric trauma score category of greater than 8, 0 to 8 and less than 0METHODOLOGYRESEARCH DESIGNA retrospective cohort study of all pediatric trauma patients admitted to Centralizedoperative Intensive Care Unit between January 1, 2013 to declination 31, 2013 in Davao Regional Hospital will be conducted.SETTINGThis study will be conducted in Davao Regional Hospital (DRH), a tertiary hospital with 250-bed capacity, in Tagum City.The Centralized Surgical Intensive Care Unit (CENSICU) is an intensive care unit foradult and pediatric surgical patients in Davao Regional Hospital.The department of Surgery of Davao Regional Hospital is a member of the Mindanao Integrated Surgical Residency Training Program under the Department of Health, Region XI.PARTICIPANTS all(prenominal) pediatric trauma patie nts admitted to CENSICU in Davao Regional Hospital between January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013 will be retrospectively included in the study.INCLUSION CRITERIA in all patients admitted to Centralized Surgical Intensive Care Unit due to traumaAll patients vulcanized less than 14 years old riddance CRITERIAPatients discharged against medical advicePatients transferred to another hospitalOPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF scatheTraumaan injury to any site of the body described as manifold or single (neck, thorax, abdomen or extremeties) site caused by an extrinsic, forthright or penetrating agentPediatric trauma patients-patients aged less than 14 years old admitted due to traumaPediatric Non-Trauma patients- patients aged less than 14 years old admitted for surgicalintervention of non-trauma cause (example intestinal obstruction due to Hirschsprungs disease, massive pleural effusion due to malignancy)Prolonged Hospital Stay-length of hospital stay is more than 14 old age with or without s urgical intervention data GATHERINGAll pediatric trauma patients admitted to Centralized Surgical Intensive Care Unit (CENSICU) in Davao Regional Hospital between January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013 will be identified from the admission logbook in the CENSICU of Davao Regional Hospital. The patients will be identified using the inclusion and exclusion criteria . The list of patients will be submitted to Medical Records dent of Davao Regional Hospital for chart retrieval. The charts will be reviewed for the following data will be gathered from each patient age in years, sex, length of hospital stay in days, weight in kilograms, systolic blood pressure in mmHg, patency of airway, passage of consciousness, presence of fractures and wounds. after(prenominal) calculating the Pediatric Trauma Score of each patient, the category of Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS greater than 8, PTS between 0 to 8, or PTS less than 0) can be determined. In addition, the outcome of the patient will be deter mined as toMortalityWith prolonged hospital stay among surviving patientsMaIN OUTCOME MEASURES AND OTHER DEPENDENT VARIABLESThe primary outcome is the mortality rate of admitted patients categorized per pediatric trauma score of greater than 8, pediatric trauma score of 0 to 8 and pediatric score of less than 0, respectively.The secondary outcomes are the followingNumber of pediatric trauma patients categorized per pediatric trauma score of greater than 8, pediatric trauma score of 0 to 8 and pediatric score of less than 0, respectively survival of the fittest rate of admitted patients categorized per pediatric trauma score of greater than 8, pediatric trauma score of 0 to 8 and pediatric score of less than 0Rate of surviving pediatric trauma patients with prolonged hospital stay per pediatric trauma score category of greater than 8, 0 to 8 and less than 0INDEPENDENT VARIABLEThe identified self-sufficient variables include age, sex, weight in kilograms, length of hospital stay, pat ency of airway, systolic blood pressure in mmHg, level of consciousness, presence of fractures and minor or major wounds.SAMPLE SIZE COMPUTATIONSample size for this study was computed using Epi Info 7 StatCalc. Calculations were based on the assumptions that 1) the ratio of patients unexposed to the risk factor (i.e., PTS greater than 8) to patients exposed to the risk factor (i.e., PTS 8 or less) is 3 and 2) the prevalence of the outcome (i.e., death) in the unexposed group is 15%. Estimations were done in order for the study to detect an betting odds ratio of 5 as statistically probative. In a computation for odds ratio carried out with 5% level of significance, a sample size of 79 patients will have 80% power of rejecting the null hypothesis (no significant increase or decrease in odds ratio) if the alternative holds.DATA HANDLING AND ANALYSISClinical characteristics (age in years, sex, weight in grams, length of hospital stay), systolic blood pressure in mmHg, patency of airway , loss of consciousness, presence of fractures and wounds, and Pediatric Trauma scores of patients will be compared statistically. A p value will be computed to establish whether the difference in the values were significant or not. A p value The Pediatric Trauma Score of each patient will be calculate and the category of Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS greater than 8, PTS between 0 to 8, or PTS less than 0) to which the patient belongs will be determined. The total act of patients in each category will be evaluated.Outcome (mortality rate or survival rate) of each patient belonging to a particular category will be tallied and each frequency computed. Among surviving patients, length of stay will be evaluated as to prolonged (14 days) or not prolonged. Rate of surviving patients with prolonged hospital stay will be determined.Risk of mortality as well as prolonged hospital stay among surviving patients will be expressed in odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval.

Applications Of Chemical Equilibrium In Industrial Processes Environmental Sciences Essay

Applications Of chemic Equilibrium In Industrial Processes Environmental Sciences turn upFrom the simple bear ones of dissolution and crystallization in a satu governd saccharify solution to a complicated industrial process of oxidation and simplification in industry chemical equilibrium plays a major office.Chemical equilibrium is the balance in the rate of two opposing reversible answers with no change applied to the formation with applied constant compel and temperature. In a corpse where carbon monoxide is reacting with oxygen artillery to stamp carbon dioxide there pull up stakes be quantity of carbon monoxide leftfield in the solution for as long as the response is placed. This is due(p) to this reaction being a reversible reaction, although carbon monoxide and oxygen throttle valve ar synthesizing to form carbon dioxide, a contradicting reversible reaction is winning place, the decomposition of carbon dioxide to form carbon monoxide and oxygen vaunt.Figur e 1 Chemical EquilibriumAs shown in Figure 1, in a reversible process, the rate of reaction for products turning into reactants forward reaction slows down as more reactants be changed into products concurrently the rate of reaction of products changing into reactants backwards reaction speeds up. At a certain quantify for a specific temperature and pressure, the rate of reaction for both would be tolerable with no shape up change in the system.reaction-rate- snip-graph.gifStill, when the system is nether work out of a change in temperature or pressure the reversible reaction would be affected. Le Chateliers principle generalizes this in if a system in equilibrium is subjected to a stress the equilibrium will shift in the direction which tends to relive the stress. (Le Chateliers Principle)If the system is under the influence of a temperature fix the system will discriminate this change. If an sum up in temperature causes the increase in the rate of an endothermic reaction then the system will oppose this reaction by lowering the temperature thus favoring the endothermic reaction. equivalently, if the decrease in temperature increases the rate of the endothermic reaction, then the system opposes this stress by favoring the exoergic reaction.Pressure, is another variable contributing in affecting the state of equilibrium that affects aerosolised reaction only. If an increase in pressure is applied, then the system opposes this change by aiming to lower the pressure favoring the side with less(prenominal) gas molecules. Likewise, if a decrease in pressure is applied then the system opposes this change by increasing the pressure favoring the side with more gaseous molecules.Several process in industry depend on Le Chateliers principle, the Haber-Posch process, the opposition process, and the Ostwald process.In the Haber process nitrogen gas from air reacts with heat content gas from natural gas mainly methane in order to provide ammonium hydroxide gas. Since ammonia is a crucial substance in agriculture for the manufacturing of fertilizers it is springy to produce as much as possible in the last time possible.N2(g) + 3 H2(g) is in equilibrium with 2 NH3(g) H=-92KJ mol-1The previous(prenominal) equation shows the chemical equation for the formation of ammonia. In order to draw the senior broad(prenominal) schoolest amount of ammonia the reaction needs to be stimulated forward.An increase in pressure would influence the system. By increasing the pressure, the system will oppose this stress by decreasing the pressure favoring the side with less gas molecules thus the forward reaction providing more ammonia gas. The process takes place in a pressure of 200 atm.Since enthalpy of reaction is negative, then the forward reaction is an exothermic reaction. To induce the system into manufacturing further ammonia gas the temperature needs to be lowered. Yet, the low temperature would cause few collisions between particles causing the process to take more time. A compromise is put into action. The temperature is increased to 400-450C with adding an iron accelerator. The iron catalyst kit and caboodle on lowering the activation energy needed for the reaction to travel by thus ensuring that reaction takes time in as short time period as possible. (Clark,1)Nitrogen gas is easily liquefied under high pressures and is collected separating it from nitrogen and hydrogen gas which are recycled.Similar to the Haber Process, the contact process is an exothermic reaction in which sulphur dioxide gas is oxidized to produce sulphur trioxide, an initial step into forming sulphuric erosive. (Clark,1)2 SO2(g) + O2(g) is in equilibrium with2 SO3(g) H=-197KJ mol-1In this process also, a high temperature of around 400-450C is used with vanadium pentaoxide catalyst and a high pressure of 100-200kPa.In addition, the Ostwald process is in which nitric acidic is organize in several steps the oxidation of ammonia is a passing exothermic reaction which takes place in it. (Clark,1)4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g) is in equilibrium with4 NO2(g) + 6 H2O(g) =-950KJ mol-1To insure the highest possible amount of nitrogen dioxide create a high pressure is used, with a great temperature of 900C and a platinum-rhodium catalyst. (Clark,1)Although sufficient solutions to producing essential products were obtained, limitations are found when considering the economic factor.In the contact process, using a platinum catalyst would be more in effect(p) but since it is highly expensive and susceptible to poisoning thus the platinum-rhodium catalyst is used. Moreover, high pressure is expensive to produce. First, extremely strong pipes and containment vessels need to be built to withstand such(prenominal) pressure, and the maintenance and running of high pressures are costly. (Clark,1)Nitric acid is widely used in jewelry industry, when combine with hydrochloric acid it forms Aqua Regia, a reagent that is capable of dissolving impor tant metals such as gold and platinum. It was often used in 1940 and 1965 as an oxidiser in liquid-propellant rocket engines. (Article Trader)The Haber process has been identified as environmentally destructive. It shrill the nitrogen cycle, pollutes ground water, and increases the levels of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide, a potential greenhouse gas. Yet, if it wasnt for nitrogen fertilizers farmers wouldnt be able to prosperous as much.Sulphuric acid may show signs of distress and injury on plants reducing picture of certain crops, it may also dissolve in water droplets in clouds causing acid rain. It results in the damaging of wildlife and vegetation. Acid rain closedown to ground level can also cause damaging to build and statutes. On the other hand, sulphuric acid may reduce the impingement of pests or fungal diseases on plants causing plants to become healthier. Likewise, Nitric acid plays a major role in agriculture forming ammonium nitrate fertilizers. (Environment Age ncy)In the health factor, the excessive exposure to sulphur dioxide may harm the eyes lungs and throat. Furthermore, nitric acid is highly corrosive to the eyes, skin, and mucous membrane. (Environment Agency)Contact with trim back nitric acid concentrations may cause skin irritation, deep poignant burns, and hardening of epidermis, while eye contact may cause utter(a) burns and permanent damage. Inhalation of high concentrations may cause respiratory irritations with possible fatal effects. Ingestion of nitric acid results in the anxious and corrosion of mouth, throat, and stomach. A dose of 10mL is fatal to benignants. (Article Trader)Science has proven to lift forth various solutions. Chemistry is no separate part of industry. It provides it with the some suitable and contemptible answers. Chemical equilibrium plays a major role in aiding to provide the utmost concentration of product needed. Several conflicts and damaging factors might be the result of such industrial pro cesses but are all main reason behind erecting and the prosperity of the human society.

Butch and femme roles of lesbians

Butch and femme fibres of lesbiansButch and femme cases were extremely important to the club in the forties and fifties it was the butch role that was the most visible, and and then the most likely to cause public scorn (Weissman and Fernie). The two sources, The nurture of Butch Femme Roles by Madeline Davis and Elizabeth Lapovsky Kennedy and require Love by Aerlyn Weisman and Lynne Fernie focus specially on the function of the butch role among take a leaking class lesbians in Buffalo. These sources draw on articles, oral histories and inter ideas of lesbians from the early twentieth century. Both the resources introduce that, although gender-appropriate styles and behaviors were rigidly enforced in order to maintain a glide by distinction between the sexes, butch womens choice to non only discard traditional femininity but to also actively adopt masculinity was perceived as a threat to the very order of social club and a prelude to social chaos. Despite the fear, and likelihood of harassment by police and other straight men, the courage of butches to claim their identities in legion(predicate) expressions prepargond the way for later generations of lesbians to break free from the pin down conventions of socially constructed womanhood and claim access to a kind of causality traditionally held only by men (Weisman and Fernie). As a result, anthropoid representations of lesbian sexuality have had the most influence in organisation attitudes towards butch and femme identities throughout the twentieth century. Such representations have almost evermore assumed the lesbian role -playing is an imitation of straightawayity.The main theory underlying the feminist disregard of role playing is that roles depend on sexual difference, which is naturally hierarchical, polarizing, and oppressive. Sexual difference is the grounds on which straight person roles are built, and thus contains within it an inherently unequal distribution of ability. In the kin of a butch and femme, since the identities of both are built on common cultural stereotypes of young-be formting(prenominal) and female behavior, they tend to reinforce the inequality in power inherent in this dichotomy. In addition, in most cases mavin of the partners is active, strong, dominant, and initiating whereas the other partner is passive, weak, slavish, and enduring. The partner who is dominant in this equation mimics the role of a male in a straightaway relationship, whereas the passive, weak and submissive book of factsistics belong to that of the female. Thus, because the butch- femme roles have the potential for being just as discriminatory as heterosexual roles, they imitate the latter, especially when talking about power relations between two partners. (Weisman and Fernie)According to Judith Roofs article, The Match in the Crocus Representations of homosexual Sexuality, the representations of lesbian sexuality in the dominant discourse often agitat e the phallus by calling attention to its absence or rally in sexual relations between women, so that it emerges and seems necessary, at to the lowest degree symbolically, because of the inconceivability of sexuality without a phallus present. Therefore, lesbians are often award as having appropriated the penis, masquerading as though they really had it, and in that respectby assuming male privilege and acting upon it. This evokes the stereotypical image of the lesbians by phallocentric discourse and is manifestly embraced by the lesbian community in the form of butch roles. What Roofs abstract makes possible is an understanding of the ways in which the dominant ideology has a vested interest in making the butch femme role playing appear to be a mere replica of heterosexuality, as a way of calming male anxiety over the threat of female appropriation of male dominance. Thus, because the absence of the phallus requires them to achieve the balance through role playing, they m erely are merely imitating the heterosexual norms.Butch femme roles were particularly great in the working-class lesbian bar culture of the 1940s, 50s, and 60s, where butch-femme relationships were the norm, while butch-butch and femme-femme were forbidden (Kennedy and Davis 244/81). Most of the lesbian community existed primarily in bars, since these were the only places where hatful could gather publicly, break the isolation of lesbian breeding, and develop both friendships and raw sienna relationships (Kennedy and Davis 243/80). Just as in straight bars, picking up a nonher(prenominal) type in lesbian bars was often the reason for attention the party. Although there are a few exceptions (like Nairobi in prohibit Love who sent a rose to her desired person), the butch was typically the one who made the first move towards the femme who just sat and looked pretty. This bringing close to take a leakher of the male butch having to make the first move, replicates the role of a heterosexual male who usually is the one to make the first move at a club.The objective of a butch was to satisfy and keep his femme full (Weisman and Fernie). This reiterates the notion of one of the partners being in control, strong, and dominant, whereas the other is weak, and needs the booster of a man to keep her safe (Weisman and Fernie). This goes muckle in hand with the notion of the society that perceives women to be inferior to men because they need a man to look after them. It was ceaselessly the butch who put up with the discrimination, and bashing to keep their woman safe. Further, the butch is never attracted to another like herself. Rather, she is always attracted to a more feminine type of person (Kennedy and Davis 251/84). This can be paralleled to the idea that heterosexual males are not supposed to be attracted to the similar type of person, but of the opposite sex. Therefore, though they are trying to show a discourse to heterosexual relationships, the fact that society is predominantly heterosexual subjected them to the widely cognise heterosexual structure.The role playing in the sleeping accommodation does not strictly and always follow pleasure being accredited only by one partner. Just like the sex tone of heterosexual couples butch and femme complement each other in an erotic system in which the butch was expected to be both the donor and the doer (Kennedy and Davis 244/81), however not always. In simpler basis, as shown in Forbidden Love it was always the butch on top, and the femme on the bottom. Though this acquire them a destruction of taboo around the sexuality of lesbians, it can be taken further by the notion that in the sex life of heterosexual couples, the female is the one on the bottom, and the male is the one who is victorious charge, and dominant, and therefore on top.In contrast to a butch, a fossa butch is a woman who is strongly masculine in character and dress, tops her partners sexually (and sometimes e motionally), and who does not wish to be moved(p) genitally. Not all fossa butches identify in female terms some are known to identify with male pronouns, while umteen stone butches do not even identify themselves with lesbian or within the lesbian community. A common partner for a stone butch is a stone femme a femme who bottoms sexually or who wishes not to touch the genitals of her stone butch partner. Moreover, the characteristics of stone butches can be found in many men, who wish to pleasure, but do not expect anything in return that is to be total givers. These men get their zing from pleasuring their woman, identical to the role of a stone butch. (Weisman and Fernie)By wearying the attire of a man, the butches earn privileges that a heterosexual man would have. The femme, or the woman, who wears feminine garment, does not have the same privileges of that of the males. wearable manly clothes gives a lot more mobility and freedom to the butches, which parallels the libe ration that heterosexual males get and their females do not. Moreover, the only way for women to achieve independence in work and travel and to escape passivity was to pass as men (Kennedy and Davis 245/81). Wearing manly clothes therefore also permitted these men to earn higher(prenominal) salaries and get better jobs (Weissman and Fernie) similar to how getting a job was known to be a mans responsibility in the heterosexual structure.Though there have been ongoing debates on the roles of butch and femmes, there is no suspect that their role playing imitates the functions which are evident in a heterosexual constitution. There are many reasons that have compelled these lesbians into victorious up these heterosexual identities one being the identification and visibility of the role of females in a society dominated by heterosexual notions of relationships, and another being that taking up the male characteristics, was the only way to let the society view their homosexual relation ships as somewhat heterosexual. Thus, butches and femmes took on the notion of the heterosexuals by imitating their masculine style of clothing, sex habits, stratified positions and social behaviours.

Treatment of Paediatric Acute Pain

discussion of Paediatric Acute PainThe attempt of this audition is to examine how the UK NHS paramedics manage piercing agony in pediatric population. This essay will stress the importance of sufficient training and research in pediatric c atomic number 18.Paramedics sedulous by UK NHS Ambulance trust nonplus a diverse selection of analgesics at their disposal for acute mild to severe paroxysm, ranging from paracetamol and ibuprofen to Entonox and intravenous morphine sulphate. (JRCALC) This essay will look at the steering of acute mitigate to severe pain with emphasis on the barriers that prevent paramedics from quantifying and work oning paediatric tolerants with pain adequately, as substantially as intravenous morphine versus intranasal fentanyl debate.Different shipway of treating pain in destiny services and departments around the world will be discussed and appropriate literature from emergency c ar will be used to support the statements made through com e forth this essay.Hennes, Kim, Ronald and Pirr eacho (2005) describe pain as a complex multidimensional phenomenon that is difficult to assess, curiously in new children. Combined with the fact that pain is the most common symptom in the emergency riding horse (Alonso and Wensley, 2003), it is fundamental that we understand and improve the care for all patients in pain.However, there is disparity between assessment and give-and-take of adults and pediatric medicine. This phenomenon has been exposit for over 25 years (Schechter, 1989). Watkins (2006) is in obligation with Schechter (1989) that adult patients are more than twice as likely to receive opiate analgesia for acute stop to severe pain, when equivalenced with children who describe similar pain scores.The UK NHS Ambulance trust has been under languish term criticism, because of pitiable provision of analgesia for paediatric patients. This view has changed in 2003 when Medicines and health care products Regulatory Agency approve the use of morphine in the aforementioned group of patients. Today, intravenous morphine sulphate and morphine sulphate oral solution can be safely administer by registered paramedics. Recently, legion(predicate) studies who targeted the emergency services around the world discovered that healthcare professionals are often unable to assess and treat paediatric patient in pain (JRCALC, 2013).Important step in addressing oligoanalgesia is by identifying the barriers to wanting(predicate) pain management. This statement is back up by numerous authors including Ricard-Hibon, Chollet, Saada, Loridant and Marty (1999), Bruns, Dieckmann, Shagoury, Dingerson and Swatzell (1992) and Jones and Machen (2003). Sequelae of unforesightful interference of acute pain whitethorn lead to alteration in insubordinate function, delayed wound healing and a lower pain door in subsequent painful experiences.Firstly, a qualitative study by Murphy, Barett, Cronin, McCoy, Larkin, Brenn er, Wakai and OSullivan (2013) explores what barriers prevent adequate treatment of paediatric population by emergency service. The study focuses on acute pain in children from the stance of advanced paramedics in Ireland.Authors of the study believe that there are many factors, or barriers as they call it that render the potential pre-hospital treatment of children inadequate and ineffective. One of the biggest causes identified was the lack of training targeted specifically to paediatric care, veritable clinical practice guidelines for paediatric pain management, limited exposure to paediatric patients in pre-hospital setting and many others.A huge part of the disquiet that has arisen from interviews was the difficulty and even in exponent to assess pain intensity in girlish children, especially in preverbal age. Also, a disturbing reason listed for oligoanalgesia was short hospital transfer time, which further added to all possible situations, when practitioners would be opp osed to administer analgesia when dealing with children.Melzack and Wall (2003), Williamson and Williamson (1983) and Gilianu, Krane, Galloway And Yaster (2000) are all in agreement that exposure to severe pain in children can cause uncomely psychological, biochemical, metabolic and behavioural changes.The study concluded that emergency services must(prenominal) emphasise improvement in paramedic education and training, specifically self-aggrandising alternatives to assessing pain in preverbal children. Some advanced paramedics even suggest that treatment of acute pain in paediatrics should be approached differently to acute pain in adults.Through focused group interviews moderated by apaediatric emergency medicine specialist, the authors were able to collect the necessary data. Though the study was well designed, it had limitations. There were only twelve participants, hitherto, as the authors point out, it has been argued by Howard and Moore (1989) and Kitzinger (1995) that am inimum of ogdoad participants is accepted to be sufficient.Another factor that have been identified by advanced paramedics in the aforementioned study and a study by Hennes, Kim and Pirrallo (2005) from the perspective of paramedics in United States highlights the inability to effectively administer medications easy to paramedics.A concern was raised in the area of cannulating a paediatric patient as well using medications that needed to be inhaled, such(prenominal) as Entonox. Both studies found that practitioners were in many cases unable to firstly, assess the pain score, and secondly treat the paediatric patient, due to the fact that children showed foreboding when trying to give intravenous morphine or oramorph.Murphy, Barett, Cronin, McCoy, Larkin, Brenner, Wakai and OSullivan (2013) potently suggest that identification and mitigation of aforementioned barriers to the prehospital management and treatment of paediatric patients is crucial and should be one of the prioritie s in further development.Secondly, astudy by Watkins (2006) looked at whether the age of child influenced the likelihood of their receiving prehospital analgesia from their local ambulance services. The study investigated this question in Auckland.Jones, Johnson and McNinch (1996) again raised a concern near inadequate analgesia in paediatric population, which has been further highlighter by Watkins (2006). The study found that children less than 5 years of age are in epoch-making risk of be undertreated of pain by ambulance service.When compared with children who were 5-15 years of age, Watkins (2006) in like manner observed that there was a significant change as they received some digit of analgesia in 50% of cases.The study in any case points out an interesting fact about the use of pre-hospital Entonox. Children given Entonox alone appeared to be in more pain than non-treated children, which is surprising as in adult population, it is reported to produce adequate analgesia for 50% of patients. (Ricard-Hibon, Chollet, Saada, Loridant and Marty, 1999).I am sure the air in enlightenment must be this wonder-working gas of delight (Fullmer, 2000)Watkins (2006) suggested several possible reasons for this scholarship of the effect of Entonox, such as incorrect use leading to inadequate effect, as children are in many scenarios crying preventing them from using the equipment properly. Also, it efficiency be relevant to mention that children achieving sufficient level of analgesia using Entonox were 8 years of age or older. As indicated by Watkins (2006), further research is necessary to establish whether the use of Entonox is suitable for analgesia in children.The study alike found that no child aged less than 5 years of age received analgesia in form of morphine, which disagrees with claims made by ambulance officers who participated in the study. Again, the author further confirms the theorem that even qualified practitioners have difficulties in assess ing and administering analgesia to young children.As mentioned above, the pain caused by gaining intravascular access leads to underuse of opiate analgesia in younger children. As highlighted by Braude and Richards (2004), further investigation of non-invasive methods of pain relief pitcher in pre-hospital setting is absolutely crucial.This leads to a morphine sulphate and intranasal fentanyl debate, which has been the subject of several studies.In hospital setting, intravenous fentanyl was shown as an effective alternative to morphine sulphate, however during the last decade, a new option became available.Braude and Richards (2004) indicate that there are at least four reasons to use intranasal fentanyl in pre-hospital setting. This claim is supported by numerous publications including Watkins (2006), Maurice, ODonnell and Beattie (2002), and Rickard, OMeara, McGrail, Garner, McLean and Lievre (2007).Maurice, et. al (2007) identified that management of acute pain in paediatrics re lies on successful intravenous cannulation that may be technically impossible to perform. more thanover, the author also acknowledged that this increases the risk of needle stick injuries to either the patient or patients family and to the staff.A possible replacement in the form of intranasal fentanyl has been long discussed by many authors. Braude and Richards (2004) have reported that intranasal fentanyl has a fast peak, short duration of action and does not cause the release of histamine, which may cause hypotension. Also, there are very few instances of nausea world caused by administering intranasal fentanyl.Rickard, OMeara, McGrail, Garner, McLean and Le Lievre (2007) conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare intravenous morphine and intranasal fentanyl for pre-hospital analgesia.Intranasal fentanyl has been used in the inpatient hospital setting, exactly prior to this randomised controlled trial, there has been no other trial examine the aforementioned drugs in pre-hospital setting.The study found that there was no significant difference between the effect of intranasal fentanyl and intravenous morphine sulphate in pain reduction. The study identified that there were no previous randomised controlled trials available. The lack of supporting evidence for analgesics have been identified by Borland, Jacobs and Rogers (2002) who also recognised that there was paucity of data to support practice with no randomised trials.Moreover a trial by Borland, Jacobs and Rogers (2002) further support that intranasal fentanyl was comparably effective at reducing pain paediatric in an emergency department.The study had several limitations, including the sample size, which was set out to be 400 patients. Due to time constraints, a total of 258 patients were randomised and out of them, only 227 were evaluable. Also, the side effects were observed by paramedics who were treating the patients, which may have produced biased results. The author notes that a mo re reliable way of preserve such data would be by a trained medical student or dedicated paramedic researcher who would not be reside with clinical care.The study notes that nausea and vomiting may still be a problem with the use of fentanyl, especially in the mucosal routes and particularly in children, as they may become uncooperative. It has also been noted that the ability to absorb any medication through nostrils changes throughout the day, because of mucous congestion. undermentioned this conclusion, some Australian ambulance services increased the doses of intranasal fentanyl with reported beneficial outcomes.In conclusion, it is clear that the pain management in paediatric population continues to take not only in pre-hospital setting within the United Kingdom, tho also around the world where doctors are using their experience with man-made analgesia to drive the patient care further, broadening the scope of emergency practitioners, such as paramedics employed by UK NH S Ambulance trust.In 2003, morphine sulphate was introduced and marked as a solution to ever increasing problem with oligoanalgesia. More recently, complex studies evaluated the risk to benefit ratio of alternative analgesia more worthy for specific part of our population, such as the use of intranasal fentanyl for paediatric patients.Moreover, the essay demonstrated that the improvement must start with clinicians, their understanding of protocols and ways to treat aforementioned group of patients.Paediatric patients seldom need medication for the relief of pain. They tolerate discomfort well.This citation clearly demonstrates how far the care for paediatrics in acute pain has come in recent decades and give thanks to the research mentioned throughout the essay, it continues to improve within a hospital as well as pre-hospital setting.

Chhota Bheem Tell Amoral Values

Chhota Bheem Tell A incorrupt setTelevision has become the trend setter and in like manner watching announcey is non only for entertainment rather it reflects the socio-cultural phenomenon of the society. Now a years every morning there argon hundreds of celebrities argon waiting to find off our tykeren via telecasting set window. It says many things such(prenominal)(prenominal) as from non bad(predicate) morning to good night. Television t exclusivelyys their dream introduction in to the whoremaster screen.A sketch was defined as an animated program with a sequence of events schedule for tv reckon on a regular basis. The virtual survey characters take the opport angiotensin converting enzyme to make the children happy for ever with respective(a) ways such as telling different stories, attractive wardrobe, action, dustup etc.,Television becomes the suitable medium for the in cultivateant of entertainment for the masses in the world especially for children. Since 1950, teaching methodal psychologists, p bents and media experts pull in been started scrutinizing tv set and its programs.According to 2011 numerate data, 31.1% be children among the constitutional population in India. On the other(a) hand, Worlds tercet largest television market is India with 138 million television households. The annual growth of Indian television indus guess is doubled in the past two decades. It absolutely diverse from what children is seeing in the real world, scarcely somehow it is committed to it. straight offs children will be the tomorrows leader. Considering children as a vital social element is signifi batht in the multiethnic society.According to TV viewing audiencehip ratings (TVR) 2011, more or less public and animated series of childrens genre got 85% of viewership and around 76% of capacity in cartoon programs were telecast only in English in the same year. solely later on referable to the demand from the viewers side, regional languages similarly bring been considered in the year 2012.Doordarshan was the only distri only ifion channel to telecast mythological stories such as Ramayana (1987) and Mahabharata (1989). These were the first programs produced and those programs cr tuckered a world record in viewership. plainly today globalization widens the path and gives fantastic change in the media industry especially in television. There are thousands of programs and hundreds of channels are available in India. by the small screen, several(prenominal)(prenominal) sham characters are fillting fame even in the national and global level.Through the benefits of creating virtual air in the cartoon programs, broadcasters easily elasticity the childrens attention. For example, kids intimately favorite channels such as sketch profit and Pogo were telecast 25,000 episodes of animation sate in the year 2011. Producing animation content is non a tough job, but it consumes to a greater extent snip tha n producing an non-animated content(Young, 2012). qualification a bond with children by telling stories has been practiced from several centuries ago. yet today, when we hear the attending words Once up on a time, we could remember the same words said by our grandparents or parents to us. The stage telling process is not merely as passing the time. Through telling stories, we can inculcate ordained effects such as changing attitude, behavior on children. Instigating stories could make a child to follow honourable economic determine that can happen to the exampleity of smell. The most serious points in telling stories to children is what type of stories have been taught and how it was described to them. Parents should not call back ilk tosh telling is a part of bed-time entertainment but that could be the time to pass on the honorable appreciates to them. score telling creates mutual bond between parents and their kids.With the disintegration of joint families, the de sign of telling stories is also gradually diminishing. This, in addition to the proliferation of mass media, has re maild the family members by television. There is an argument that telling stories to children through with(predicate) television programs may have an impact on their personality and development. In contrast, there is a look to argument that telling stories better than allowing them an extra hour to sit with a computer or television.There are many ways for the parents to tell a story such as past life adventures, experiences and what they would see from their parents. Apart from these, our culture has a mixture of mythological stories such as Ramayana and Mahabharata.Review of LiteratureThe consequences of television have been analyzed by parents, media specialists, practitioners, communicating experts and social reviewer from the year 1950 onwards. Television has the control on childrens metacognitive, shared, expressive and other behaviors (Mares Woodard, 2001).T elevision sets an example of dyadic communication and several areas of family life. Children are admired by the television because of assigning numerous child characters. Children show more interest in watching television programs which consists of several child characters (Schmitt, Anderson Collins, 1999).Morals are also passed on to generations. Finding forth the source of different moral stories are difficult, because it has come from mingled parts of the world. But in India, most of the stories have said and it originates from Aesop. Aesop tales are quite frequent among children in India. In the same way, there are several types of stories have been taught in India.Panchatantra tales are famous and it consists of Indian stories very similar to the Aesops manufacture are based on animals kingdom. Jataka tales deals with the muckle who entrust in reincarnation, i.e. life after death. These are the life stories as different life forms, transfer the message of honesty.Aesop s fables area also quite popular. All children like their deary animals. Those winsomes of stories make a deal with birds or animals. There are snow stories only on animal kingdom and brilliantly attached with the moral.Children can focus their brain power with Birbal, King Akbars famous happy and sharp consultant.Myths and legends are the combined segment of human life. Those are surrounded us forever. There are 140 and more varieties of mythological stories consist several apprises (Moral Stories for Kids, n.d.). According to Bennett (1995a, b) children must hear moral stories in social club to develop good values and moral literacy. Believers of conventional character education state that, listening moral stories in one of the important reflection of moral education. A child acquires thinking near how vital it is to represent with a good quality and getting a better depooceantion of the moral life by reading or listening a moral story (Narvaez, 2002).In the case of Malaysia, we found that the programs generally contained more positive values than negative ones, whether they were of local or foreign origins. This is due to strict censorship imposed by the government. Although both foreign and local programs can challenge the societys basic norms and values, the challenges must be balanced, conservatively evince and ultimately have a positive contribution to humanity in the eyes of the censors. In this case, neither the program nor channel origin matters. We postulated that in a society with government censorship, the appearance of negative or positive values in television is not determined by the programs place of origin, but by the censors own values and perceptions(Hagiwara et al., 1999).Traditionally our children would have been perceive from parents, grandparents, neighbors, and friends but now many of the stories they hear from the accumulation of media performed by various fictional characters (Charlotte, 2010).In the earlier times chi ldren were used to play out with their peers, friends, and had done some mannikin of physical activities like cycling, playing twist games etc.,. But now the scenario has changed. Today television locked the children with in the four walls. specially cartoon channels are making them fun and it has become a great pass time for children.(Chanda, 2008).According to Williams (1993), A theme expresses a pattern among story components in a form that is abstracted from the specialised story context, and it also gossipmongers on that pattern in some way. The comment need not be evaluative. Thus, we define a theme as involving a commentary attached to a core model. On the other hand theme is know as the idea that holds the story together, such as a comment about society, human nature, or the human condition (as cited in Lukens, 1982).Taylor (1986) studied the ability of children aged 9 -11 year old is easy to narrate an expository text in a story rather than summarizing. Goldman et al. (1984) examined the guessing of stories among children aged between 5 to 12. The cognitive structure of children aged below 10 would not make them to distil a theme. This could happen because of projecting expository text and idealistic fictional stories(Narvaez, 2002).According to Dick Cook, chairman of The Walt Disney Studios said, Animation is a new and promptly expanding area in India, and the collaboration between Disney and Yash Raj Film studios will bring the very best in story-telling and cutting edge technology together as we make wonderful films that appeal to the entire family(Puljal, 2008).Earlier, only cartoon network channel was there to telecast foreign cartoon progrmas. But later on, local made programs were also telecast in hostel to cover the pot. At first, new animation content creators took encouragement from the final hanging fruit available to them popular tradition, inspiring movies like Hanuman, Krishna and Ramayana. therefore came fictionalizing the se mythological stories with shows such as Krishna Balram where characters based on these mythologies were placed in fictional plots. Now, we are at a stage where the linkage to mythology has dwindled further. serial like Chhota Bheem on Pogo and Roll No. 21 on Cartoon Network just have character names similar to those in mythology.Statement of the difficultySince our childhood to till adolesent , we have been listening to stories. In an earlier times, our parents, grandparents have been telling different genres of stores with morals at the end. They know, the value system of each child would be determined by what kind of stories have been taught, how often it is repeated and how far the family members have been practiced the same.Today ken of storeis have been tausht by television programs. The purpose of this subject is to provide a good deal more specific way of looking at the content of childrens most favorite cartoon television program Chhota Bheem, to determine the degre e and form of moral values in a story to children.Research QuestionsThe piece of work has been done based on the following objectives.Does Chhota bheem program teach moral values to children?How many episodes in Chhota Bheem program contains moral values?What kind of stories does Chhota Bheem program tell?Do the contnet of Chhota Bheem is appropriate to real life? methodologyIt is a study of television deals with what is really there on the screen. This study specifically analysed the content of Chhota Bheem cartoon program which is aired in the POGO channel. 40 episodes have been recorded for the period of four months from June to September 2012. Repititions have not been taken in to account. Each episode runs approximately 12 transactions to 14 minutes time duartion. The study had been analysed totally 615 minutes of the total episodes. Each program is analysed based on the verbal and non-verbal elements which may consists of moral values.Theoritical PerspectiveSocial learning suppositionAccording to Albert Bandura (1977), cartoon television programs are designed for children repeatedly implementing social learning surmisal. For example, Chhota Bheem, a childrens television program, the protagonist present with a condition of how to tackle the situation and how to be an honest person and maintaining friendship forever. The result is, the children learning about the problem solving techniques, the quality of macrocosm honest are done by observing the discoveries presented by the actors. This way the concept of social learning is applied.Labeling theoryLabeling theory is an extension of social learning theory otherwise known as social reaction theory. According to Howard Becker, it involves how learning can descend by attaching or imposing says, titles and attributesreal or unrealto others. For example, in Chhota Bheem cartoon television program the characters of various ethnic groups to behave a certain way, by chance creating a universal stereotype n ot reflective of reality. As the viewing audience of that group becomes saturated with labels falsely representing their behaviors, may learn through observation how to behave specific to the fiction being propagated, and thus the label becomes reality.Cultivation theoryAccording George Gerbner (1976) the primary proposition of cultivation theory states that the more time people spend living in the television world, the more likely they are to believe social reality pictured on television (Wikipedia, 2012). Television cultivates from infancy the very predispositions and preferences that used to be acquired from other primary sources The repetitive pattern of televisions mass-produced messages and images forms the mainstream of a park symbolic environment. Due to its accessibility and availability to the masses, television has become the primal cultural arm of our society(Gerbner, 1979).Findings and AnalysisConcept A small incident happens in every story in the program and this is all about how Chhota Bheem and his Friends handle the every circumstance and purpose solution for every problem. programmeThe tile song consists of 54 consequetive shots and among those 12 shots deals with good values. The Jingle contains quin good values associated with it. Visuals contain 60% of positive values such as kindness to people and animals, showing right, being generous, help, tolerance and unity remaining part consists of neagive values such as forceing with people or animals, showing eating laddoos continuously, jackying others and gender discrimination.Figure 1 represent that majority of stories in Chhota Bheem program teach moral values to children. Relatively positive values are dominated than negative value. This signifies that the portraying of the characters in the scene and the way they taught stories to children. There is a significant contravention in showing poitive values and negative values in the program.Chhota Bheem is a very well known cartoon program among children now days. The boilersuit programs are based on unmindful stories or on short incidents which are held in and around Dholakpur. The program, which describes the feats of Chhota Bheem and his team of friends, is an original co-production between food turner International India and Hyderabad-based Green Gold studios. Fresh episodes are telecast in the visor time zone that is every day evening 6 p.m.In this program Chhota Bheem and his all Friends Chutki, Jaggu and Raju sit together beneath the point and are playing with each other. They all are fun pleasant and continuously ready to help each other and to the needy people. They all are good by heart. The characteristics of each character have listed below.Characters Bheem Chhota Bheem is a nine-year-old kid who lives with gang of friends in the fictional town called Dholakpur. The character is divine by the legendary Bheem from the Mahabharata. The protagonist of the show is Bheem. He is very powerful, in telligent and he is always ready to help others when anyone is in danger or in any problem. He never feels proud on his specialism and always deals his Friends and everyone. He is stronger than anyone else. He respects every human being and always helps needy and poor people. His smartness and sanction can easily be shown on his face. He is a lovable character and like an ideal for the children. He loves to take Laddoo every time whenever he feels delicate he likes to have Laddoo and regains his power after that. He also loves to eat Bananas. Chutki Chutki is a female character and a friend of Bheem. She is the sweetest character in this program. Her Pink Cheeks, Crystal Clear Eyes, Cute Voice and Two tail make her much sweeter than others. She loves her friends and always takes care of them. She also helps her mother in house chores. She always helps Bheem by giving him Laddoos on right time so that he can save everyone from the bad situation. Jaggu Jaggu is also a friend of B heem. He is a monkey who can speak to people. He is naughty by his character. He has fun with his friends and also helps them whenever needs. His phonation is also very funny.RajuRaju is the cutest character in this program. He looks very cute and ab straighten outd with only two front hairs, one tooth and with his Blue innerwear. His sweet voice and his innocent actions show that he is naughty.Kalia Kalia is a Pahalwaan in Dholakpur Village and always feel jealous of Bheem because of his smartness and power. He is the competitor of Bheem. He always tries to prove himself better, more powerful and smarter than Bheem but always all in vain just because of his foolishness. Dholu-Bholu Dholu-Bholu is twins and so they look alike. They are the pursual of Kalia but they never do believe on him while in any danger they believe on Bheem. Sometimes they help their guru Kalia but he never gave them any attention. Indumati Indumati is the only daughter of King of Dholakpur Indravarma. She is also very cute. Sometimes she also joins Bheem and his Friends for some fun. She doesnt like Kalia because she always had an idea about kalia is very jealous about Bheem and his behavior is always troublesome. On the other hand, she has a soft corner with Bheem and others are friends. She always recommends seeking help from Bheem whenever the crisis occurs.Indravarma Indravarma is the King of this village who is very kind-hearted caring about all the villagers. He believes only on Bheem whenever any danger comes on the village. He always takes care of all the villagers. Villagers of DholakpurSince it is a small village, the people of Dholakpur are considerably less. The shops and houses are looking similar of how we had in the earlier times. The ambiance looks real and it make us to believe. When ever the problem comes they used to inform Maharaj Indravarma.ImplicationsWe had been listened stories from our parents and grand parents. Those stories strightly had a moral at the end . At the same time, the concept and the characters in those stories were real and it could be adapted with the real life situations. Today the conent in the childrens televisions program are turned in to commercial. But Choota Bheem run successfully because of the name of the character and portrayal of his behavior, proving team spirit through out the program.On the other hand, though Bheem has always been represent as good person generally, in one episode they show him as stealing laddoos.Later on his action is justified by stating that he was hungry. At the end of the story, he threw a rock to stop flowing valcano. The quixotic situations and behaviors signifies only fantasizing the spectators rather telling good values in an delightful manner. In such a way, oneday Bheem safeguard his people and friends from raging bull in Dholakpur. A nine year old boy who is sour to be brave and mightiest in character is always portrayed to fight with animals and people who are bad in chara cter in prepare to prove his bravity and strength. There are four episodes which contains no significant moral values at the end.An another episode reinforce the value of helping people at the right time. Bheem helped his friend Raju who had left field alone in the forest from the attack of dangerous snake and the Lion. The perceived moral of the story at the end is timely help is always appreciable.Similarly Bheem is portrayed as brave by defeating the fellow competitor called Hercules in the competition. The fast(a) value has shown through his behavior at the end of the episode. This could make our children who are watching this program may have an attitude towards protecting nations fame is our responsibility when anything comes to damage our nations image that is known as patriotism.Raju admired the whoremongeral seance done by the great magiciaan Jadugar. After he left, Raju found the magic wand at floor. He used it for play as his own. He changed his frends in to fruits an d animals by telling wrong magic codes. Finally he was seeking the help of Jadugar uncle and realised them from the magic spell.This reinforce the value of not to interfere anything with out knowing what it is?.Bheem was tring to help the flying horse which is kidnapped by kalia.By releasing them from the custody of kalia, he proved his kindness towards animals. The story emphasizes that we should love animals.Bheem and his friends were started search Rajus father who is abondoned during war. Bheem and his friends are searching him together and finding him out after a unyielding journey. The story emphasizes unity is strength.A most aggressive chrocodile tries to attack the people at dholakpur. After a long try by others, Bheem recalls the old saying that is before you fight understand the strengthes and weakness of your enemy. Finally he planned accordingly and defeated the vehement chrocodile.Kalia and his rowdy uncle from mumbai are planned unethical ways to win Bheem. Bheem a nd his friends finding their silly techniques and teaching them a lesson. This part of story signifies You will get it accordingly what do you do.Bheem and his friends are finding a cave which consists circle of gold. Though their friends are interseted in gold, he adviced them not to take it and it belongs to the people of dholakpur. This segment contains significant moral at the end of the story that is altruism makes a man perfect.Bheem and his friends proving once again by defeating his enemy mangal singh and protected the life of princess by giving rare medicinal plant. He reinforce the value that saving life is precious than getting reward.King Indravarma cozen himself by helping pirates to get in to their boat. Bheem released them from the pirates at the end. The episode promotesthe moral such as it is not always wise to take people at their word.In the same way Bheem release the sea princess from kalia who brought her under the custody for making money. The moral represent not to exploit others.Bheem and his friends combinely ravel a street show to earn money in hostelry to release his cousins father from jail. The value of this segment is honesty beats poverty.Bheem onerous to release his princess from the evil power. He struggles a lot to release her and in the end he won. The moral denotes A person who shares the danger ought to get the reward.Kalia misuses the magic broom and tries to harm Bheem and others, but he got punishment from the witch who has left her magicbroom at Dholakpur. Similarly Bheem reveals the uprightness from the cheating guy called Nutwar Lal and the dishonest prime minister of dholakpur by his intelligence. There are four episodes are accentuation the same moral such as Harm seek, harm find.Kalia and his following Dholu and Bholu use the time machine for their own purposes. They feel ashamed when it is not belongs to them. This segment denote the value such as false confidence often leads in to danger.Bheem and his fr iends use their intelligence to defeat an un indentified object which comes from the sea in an episode. The moral of the story is Presence of mind shows the way to success.Bheem conquer the issue of magic seed by taking advice of the elders.Bheem obeys elders words and solve the problem accordingly. Listening to elders advice never fails is the moral of the story at the end.Bheem was searching for a solution to win against magic giant. After long try he defeated him. The moral of the story is every problem has a solution.Among all the episodes, there are three episodes have reinforced the value such as an act of kindness is a good investment.Bheem and his friends reveals the the truth behind the cheating fellow who hides inside the tree and makes the public to believe as it is a talking tree. Finally his team members bringing him in to the king. Through this they teach us we do not believe on superstitious things.Bheem and his friends tries to change the mindset of a selffish wo od cutter. He is emphasising the value

What I Would Place In A Time Capsule Essay -- essays research papers

What I Would Place In A Time CapsuleAs the turn of the millennium approaches, the mankind race will continueto develop raw(a) technology and new ways of thinking. It is always enjoyable totake a visual tour back in time, to view what was considered advanced andwhat thoughts of future times represented. A time capsule stored with preciousdocuments and possessions from a one-time(prenominal) era hind end serve as a visual and materialpresentation of what past times were like, and put in future theaccomplishments that have changed human lifestyles for break in or worse.If I were invited to participate in the planning of a time-capsule, Iwould include items that depicted the present societys mood and pastimes. Oneitem that suits this grade would be music. Music is one of the mostinfluential forms of art, and has brought delight, sadness, love, and despair toindividuals worldwide. I would include a compilation of the most popular andthe most contentious music of the present era , and some background informationon the songs and artists. stress lyrics, like poetry, can go beyond the writtenwords of a book or a story, and give an in depth prospective on people and theirlives.Guiding the new information and technology of today, computers serve asthe most useful tool for teaching and productivity crosswise the globe. With theaid of computers, new and better systems are manufactured and put to realiseconstantly. The amount of d...

Jeffersonian Republicans Essay -- American History USA Government Essa

Jeffersonian republicansWith respect to the national constitution, the Jeffersonian Republicans are commonly characterized as unappeasable constructionists who were opposed to the bighearted constructionism of the Federalists. To what extent was this characterization of the two parties accurate during the presidencies of Jefferson and Madison. ahead 1801, the Jeffersonian Republicans were usually strict constructionists of the constitution. However during the presidencies of Jefferson and Madison they had to adopt virtually Federalist ideas. In numerous instances, the two parties completely interchanged their views on the construction of the constitution. During that flowing of time it was tight to characterize anyone as a member of both the Federalist or Republican party based on how they interpreted the constitution. The top hat example of Jefferson adopting Federalist ideas is the lah Purchase. From the beginning Jefferson only wanted freshly siege of Orleans and as practically lower east if the Florida as possible. However quite he was offered the New Orleans and a huge portion of land to the west, which almost treble the size of the United States. However the was nothing in the constitution which allowed the president to purchase of additional land. In a earn he utter It is the case of a guardian, investing the money of his harbor in purchasing an important adjacent territory and saying to him when of age, I did this for your good(Jefferson). Jefferson knew that American farmers needed... Jeffersonian Republicans Essay -- American History USA Government EssaJeffersonian RepublicansWith respect to the federal constitution, the Jeffersonian Republicans are usually characterized as strict constructionists who were opposed to the broad constructionism of the Federalists. To what extent was this characterization of the two parties accurate during the presidencies of Jefferson and Madison. Before 1801, the Jeffersonian Repub licans were usually strict constructionists of the constitution. However during the presidencies of Jefferson and Madison they had to adopt some Federalist ideas. In many instances, the two parties completely interchanged their views on the construction of the constitution. During that period of time it was difficult to characterize anyone as a member of either the Federalist or Republican party based on how they interpreted the constitution. The best example of Jefferson adopting Federalist ideas is the Louisiana Purchase. From the beginning Jefferson only wanted New Orleans and as much land east if the Florida as possible. However instead he was offered the New Orleans and a huge portion of land to the west, which almost doubled the size of the United States. However the was nothing in the constitution which allowed the president to purchase of additional land. In a letter he said It is the case of a guardian, investing the money of his ward in purchasing an important adjacent ter ritory and saying to him when of age, I did this for your good(Jefferson). Jefferson knew that American farmers needed...

The Wallow: Water for the Animals and Opportunity for the Hunter :: Descriptive Writing Examples

The Wallow water system for the Animals and Opportunity for the HunterEvery September seems to find me in a tree vantage point preceding(prenominal) a wallow, hearing elk yell out their mating calls to each other. In this tree stand, I holdup for a big bull to come in and give me a nice shot. This wallow may teach a few lessons in life and also many another(prenominal) things about nature. At least thats the things I received from sitting at this wallow. As I sat in the top wallow in water gulch, I learned stacks of patience, and even got a feel for the elks need for this wallow. This wallow is very meaning(prenominal) to me and will remain this way forever. This is also a place that I find to be very addictive and beautiful.Water Gulch is a big gulch on our hunting property up above Crawford. We lease this 3,500 acre ranch for elk and deer hunting during the months of August by dint of November. The gulch is a big draw that is full of beautiful aspen trees and broad oak br ush. It is very thick and hard to spot animals until they reach the permeate of the draw. The bottom of the draw contains three different wallows. The wallows are all surround by extremely steep slopes that even I dont want to challenge. On this particular occasion, I chose to sit at the top wallow in a tree stand. This wallow served as a mud tubful for the magnificent elk. Broken tree limps and brush covered the wallow, making many obstacles for the elk to reach the water. This large mud bath had proven itself a great place to hunt in the past, so I gave it a try. I was only 12 categorys old on this twenty-four hours and what a sidereal day it turned out to be.The weather was perfect for a great September archery hunt. It was the last day of the season and throughout the year I had seen many large bulls at this same exact location. I had even seen a monster five point that would score nearly 300 inches. An extraordinary bull in many hunters books.This beautiful day started w ith me climbing up an aged aspen tree at approximately 6 oclock in the morning. It was about 30-40 degrees and the chill made my neck hair stand straight up. After scaling straight up the tree, I settled in and got cozy.